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Owyhee Dam (National ID # OR00582) is a concrete arch-gravity dam on the Owyhee River in Eastern Oregon near Adrian, Oregon, United States. Completed in 1932 during the Great Depression, the dam generates electricity and provides irrigation water for several irrigation districts in Oregon and neighboring Idaho. At the time of completion, it was the tallest dam of its type in the world (it was surpassed about two years later). The dam is part of the Owyhee Dam Historic District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The dam impounds the river to create the Owyhee Reservoir, with storage capacity of nearly of water. The more than tall concrete-arch gravity dam is owned by the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) and operated by the Owyhee Irrigation District. Haystack Rock Road is carried over the long crest of the dam. ==History== In August 1927, the US Congress authorized the building of a dam in the canyon of the Owyhee River.〔"HIGHEST DAM IN THE WORLD: Government Going Ahead With Ambitious Oregon Project", ''The New York Times'', August 7, 1927.〕 Construction of the dam began in 1928 to provide water for irrigation projects.〔("Owyhee Dam" ), United States Bureau of Reclamation. Retrieved on February 4, 2008.〕 It was built on a foundation of massive rhyolite, massive pitchstone, and associated unmassive pitchstone agglomerate geologic formations adjacent to the Owyhee Mountains.〔 A project of the Bureau of Reclamation, they hired General Construction Company from Seattle to build the dam.〔Terry, John. "Oregon’s Trails: Owyhee once set a record for dams", ''The Oregonian'', June 24, 2007.〕 Former Oregonian and then United States President Herbert Hoover dedicated what was the highest dam of its type in the world on July 17, 1932.〔(232 Hoover: "Message on the Dedication of Owyhee Dam" ), ''The American Presidency Project'', University of Santa Barbara, Retrieved on February 4, 2008〕 Secretary of the Interior Ray Lyman Wilbur delivered Hoover’s message at the dam.〔("Looking Back, Looking Forward' — Owyhee Dam Celebrates its 75th Anniversary" ), ''People, Land & Water''. Retrieved on February 4, 2008.〕 Owyhee's construction served as a prototype for the larger Hoover Dam on the Colorado River,〔 including the use of refrigeration to cool the concrete.〔By The Associated Press. "Boulder Dam Will Contain Huge Refrigerating System", ''The New York Times'', June 19, 1933〕 The dam cost $6,000,000, with the total reclamation project costing $18,000,000.〔"HIGHEST DAM IS DEDICATED: Secretary Wilbur Officiates at Ceremony in Owyhee, Ore.", ''The New York Times'', July 18, 1932.〕 Owyhee was designed by Frank A. Banks, who also designed other dams such as the Grand Coulee Dam on the Columbia River.〔Neuberger, Richard L. "Man's Greatest Structure: Water runs over the Grand Coulee spillway. Its builder, who worked in silence, carries the President's citation: 'A fine job well done'," ''The New York Times'', August 9, 1942.〕 In the 1980s, electricity-generating capabilities were added to the dam.〔Terry, John. "Oregon’s Trails: 1920s dam got turbines during 1980s", ''The Oregonian'', August 26, 2007.〕 From 1990 to 1993, the dam was remodeled.〔 Since the height of the dam made a fish ladder impractical, the dam closed off the Owyhee Chinook salmon runs that used to swim as far upstream as Nevada.〔Meehan, Brian T. "Lessons of the Past", ''The Oregonian'', October 29, 1995.〕 On September 23, 2010, the dam was added to the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Owyhee Dam Historic District. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Owyhee Dam」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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